The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in the Indian government. Established in 1974 by the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, the body is responsible for coordination of environmental protection efforts, enforcement of pollution control laws, and promotion of sustainable development practices nationwide.
Its duties involve monitoring air and water quality, conducting research, establishing standards, and advising the government on environmental policies and regulations. The body also plays a critical role in the protection of the environment and public health in India by addressing different types of pollution and advocating for pollution control measures.
OBJECTIVE
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India aims to enhance the cleanliness of streams and wells in various State areas through the prevention, control, and reduction of water pollution. It also strives to enhance air quality. Moreover, the CPCB's objective includes guiding the Central Government regarding issues related to the prevention and control of water and air pollution.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India is vital in overseeing and managing pollution levels nationwide. It monitors environmental quality, conducts research, and enforces regulations to ensure adherence by industries and other bodies. Moreover, it partners with state pollution control boards to enforce pollution control measures and protect the environment.
TIMELINE
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has reached several significant milestones since its inception: -
1974: The CPCB was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, of 1974.
1981: The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in 1981, broadening the CPCB's mandate to encompass air pollution issues.
1984: The Environment (Protection) Act of 1984 further enhanced the CPCB's authority of coordinating and enforcing environmental protection measures.
1991: In 1991, the CPCB launched the National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) to oversee air quality nationwide.
2008: The National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) was initiated by the CPCB in 2008 to evaluate and monitor water quality in rivers and lakes.
2010: The Environmental Data Bank (EDB) was introduced by the CPCB in 2010 to store and distribute environmental data collected from various monitoring programs.
2015: In 2015, the CPCB played a role in implementing the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) to combat air pollution in Indian cities.
Structure
The structure of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India includes:
A Chairman who oversees leadership and decision-making
A Member Secretary to assist him and coordinate with its branches other SPCBs and divisions of the body
Members who are experts in environmental science, engineering, and policy
A Central Laboratory for analyzing environmental samples and conducting research
Regional Offices to implement pollution control measures locally
Divisions and Cells focusing on different pollution control aspects
Technical Committees for advice on specific issues
Administrative and Support Staff for organizational functions.
This structure aims at enhancing the coordination, monitoring, and enforcement of pollution control measures nationwide and regionally.
FUNCTIONS
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India performs various important functions
Formulation and Enforcement of Standards: It is vested with the powers of establishing standards for the quality of air, water, and soil and ensuring that these standards are adhered to by industries and other sources of pollution.
Monitoring and Surveillance: Regular monitoring and surveillance of pollutants in air, water, and soil are conducted by it to assess the quality of the environment and identify areas of concern.
Data Collection and Research: It also engages in the collection and maintenance of data related to environmental pollution, which is used for research and analysis. This information is crucial for developing effective pollution control strategies.
Regulatory Measures: It formulates regulations and guidelines for industries and other entities to be followed to control and reduce pollution. It also has the authority to take punitive actions against those violating environmental norms.
Coordination with State Pollution Control Boards: The CPCB collaborates with State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) to ensure uniform implementation of pollution control measures across the country. It guides and supports SPCBs in carrying out their functions.
Public Awareness: It also engaged in creating awareness among the public about the importance of environmental conservation and pollution control which includes organizing campaigns, workshops, and educational programs.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): The board has a crucial role to play in the EIA process, for assessment of the potential environmental impact of proposed developmental projects and recommending for mitigating adverse effects.
International Cooperation: It established collaborations with international organizations and agencies to remain updated on global best practices and address transboundary environmental issues.
As such, the CPCB plays a crucial role in ensuring environmental quality and sustainable development in India through its overseeing the implementation of pollution control measures and promotion of a proactive approach towards environmental conservation.
Important facts
Shri Tanmay Kumar is the current chairman of the Central Pollution Control Board.
Bharat Kumar Sharma currently serves as the Member Secretary of the Central Pollution Control Board.
The Central Pollution Control Board is headquartered in New Delhi.
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