July 18, 2023 | Your One-Stop Solution for Daily Preparation
The Office of State Governor in India | Explained
Delve into the substantial role and powers of state governors in India's federal structure. Know about how governors wield executive, legislative, financial, and judicial powers while also emphasizing their limitations compared to the President. Additionally, explore the controversies surrounding their appointment and functioning. The privileges enjoyed by state governors, such as official residences and allowances, are discussed in recognition of their constitutional position. Recent developments showcasing governors' proactive engagement in governance, inter-state relations, and fostering harmony among communities are also explored.
Highlights of the Day
1. RBI to Issue SOP for Banks, Expediting Remittance Proofs for Exporters in Rupee-Based Trading
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is expected to issue a standard operating procedure (SOP) for banks to expedite the issuance of proofs of inward remittances for exporters. This move aims to address the challenges faced by exporters in the rupee-based trading mechanism for foreign trade. While there were initial difficulties, transactions have commenced in various sectors. The government supports the use of any currency for international payments, including Indian oil firms paying Russia in Chinese Yuan. However, the government also aims to promote rupee-based trade with more countries. The issue of Foreign Inward Remittance Certificates (FIRCs) not being sent from one bank to another has been addressed with the RBI, which is in the process of issuing a detailed SOP to ensure timely generation of electronic bank realisation certificates (e-BRCs). This certificate validates exports and makes exporters eligible for benefits under the Foreign Trade Policy. The SOP has been reviewed by the relevant authorities and is expected to be released by the RBI to banks in the near future [1].
2. India Witnesses Significant Decline in Multidimensional Poverty: Niti Aayog Report
India witnesses significant reduction in multidimensional poverty with 13.5 crore people lifted out of poverty between 2015-16 and 2019-21, according to Niti Aayog report. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Rajasthan show fastest progress. National MPI reveals decline from 24.85% to 14.96% in multidimensional poverty. Rural areas experience faster decline than urban areas. India on track to achieve SDG target ahead of schedule. Government's focus on sanitation, nutrition, education, and basic amenities contributes to improvements. All 12 parameters of MPI show marked advancements. Nutrition, education, sanitation, and cooking fuel play significant roles in poverty reduction [2].
3. ICAR Implements Technology-driven Measures to Tackle Climate Change Challenges in Agriculture
ICAR adopts technology-driven measures to address climate change challenges in agriculture. Krishi Vigyan Kendras provide advisory services to farmers. Efforts made to enhance agricultural education and establish ICAR as a global university. Emphasis on technology adoption, capacity building, and increasing productivity. ICAR develops new seed varieties and supports agriculture education in neighboring countries. India actively engages at the international level to address agriculture sector changes [3].
4. UN Report Reveals Only 1% of Women Live in Countries with High Women Empowerment and Gender Parity
Only 1% of women globally live in countries with high women empowerment and gender parity, according to a UN report. Leadership roles and decision-making remain predominantly male-dominated. The report analyzed data from 114 countries using the Women's Empowerment Index (WEI) and Global Gender Parity Index (GGPI) to assess progress. On average, women achieve only 60% of their full potential, with a 28% gender gap across key human development dimensions. No country achieved full women's empowerment or gender parity. Over 90% of women worldwide live in countries with low or middle empowerment and gender parity. Equality alone is insufficient; comprehensive policy action is needed in health, education, work-life balance, women's participation, and combating violence against women. The report calls for utilizing the indices to track progress and accelerate efforts towards a more equitable and inclusive world [4].
5. Concerns Arise as Andhra Pradesh Releases Mosquitofish to Combat Mosquito-Borne Diseases
The Andhra Pradesh government has released 10 million Gambusia fish, also known as mosquitofish, into water bodies to combat mosquito-borne diseases. However, concerns have been raised about the potential harm caused to native species. While Gambusia fish are widely used for controlling mosquito larvae, studies on their effectiveness have been inconclusive. The fish's introduction has raised questions about whether it is the appropriate species for mosquito control. Gambusia fish have a high breeding capacity and can outcompete and prey upon native species. They are considered an invasive species and can negatively impact ecosystems. Experts suggest exploring alternatives, such as native fish species, for controlling mosquito larvae instead of relying solely on mosquitofish. The release of exotic fish species into natural environments can have unintended consequences on local species and aquatic animals. Regulation and data on Gambusia breeding and distribution operations are limited in India. Encouraging the release of native fish species specific to river basins may be a more sustainable approach [5].
Source: The Hindu | DownToEarth
Practice Questions for Prelims
Q1: Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The President of India is elected by an electoral college consisting of the elected members of both houses of Parliament and the state legislative assemblies.
Statement 2: The Vice President of India is elected by a direct vote of the citizens.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Statement 1 only
(b) Statement 2 only
(c) Both statements 1 and 2
(d) Neither statement 1 nor statement 2
Q2: Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is enforceable in a court of law.
Statement 2: The Preamble declares India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Statement 1 only
(b) Statement 2 only
(c) Both statements 1 and 2
(d) Neither statement 1 nor statement 2
Q3: Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The President of India has the power to grant pardons, reprieves, and respites.
Statement 2: The President can exercise these powers only in matters related to offenses under central laws.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Statement 1 only
(b) Statement 2 only
(c) Both statements 1 and 2
(d) Neither statement 1 nor statement 2
Q4: The term "Quorum" refers to:
(a) The minimum number of members required to be present for a meeting to be valid
(b) A legal term used in property ownership
(c) The official name of the President's residence in India
(d) A type of legislative procedure used in passing bills
Q5: What is the potential harm associated with the release of Gambusia fish into water bodies?
a) They prey on native fish species.
b) They increase the population of mosquito larvae.
c) They cause excessive competition for resources.
d) They spread diseases among other aquatic animals.
Today’s Question for Mains Answer Writing
Examine the significance of cultural diversity in promoting national integration and unity in a multicultural society like India. (Word limit: 250 words).
Please note that this question requires you to discuss the importance of cultural diversity in fostering national integration and unity, highlighting the role it plays in preserving heritage, promoting social harmony, and strengthening the fabric of a multicultural society.
Need help in writing or evaluation?
What we see matters
Some insightful observations from past UPSC papers:
Conservation reserves like National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries etc, are repeatedly asked almost every year in UPSC Prelims. Students are advised to stay updated with news on any such conservation reserve.
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