October 9, 2023 | Your One-Stop Solution for Daily Preparation
Quantum Dots | Explained
Explore the World of Quantum Dots: Properties, Applications, and Nobel Recognition. Learn how these nanoscale marvels, awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, bridge quantum mechanics with real-world innovations.
Highlights of the Day
1. GST Council’s Measures to Boost Foreign Trade and Clarifications Bring Relief to Indian Exporters
The GST Council has taken steps to boost foreign trade by enabling tax credits for service exporters receiving payments in rupees, particularly beneficial for trade with countries facing global sanctions like Iran and Russia. This move aligns with the government's efforts to reduce dependency on the U.S. dollar. The clarification regarding INR remittances in Special Vostro accounts will resolve disputes and expedite GST refunds for exporters. Additionally, the Council has addressed issues related to tax refunds for suppliers to special economic zones (SEZs) and clarified place of supply treatment for transportation services and advertising and co-location services, providing relief and clarity for the industry [1].
2. Supreme Court Calls for Consistent and Dependable Code of Investigation to Prevent Acquittals on Technicalities
The Supreme Court's recent judgment underscores the need for a consistent and dependable code of investigation in India's criminal justice system to prevent the acquittal of guilty individuals on technical grounds. The judgment acquitting three accused in a 2013 kidnapping and murder case highlighted flaws in the police investigation. The court cited the Malimath Committee's 2003 report, emphasizing the importance of a thorough search for truth and evidence in successful prosecution. It also noted a 2012 Law Commission report pointing out reasons for low conviction rates, including inadequate police investigations and lack of coordination between police and prosecution. This decision highlights the urgency of reforming the investigation process [2].
3. Devastating Earthquake Strikes Western Afghanistan
A devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3 and subsequent aftershocks have struck western Afghanistan, causing a significant loss of life and destruction. The Taliban initially reported a death toll of 2,000, though other estimates vary, with the United Nations stating that the figure is still being verified. The quake affected several villages in Herat province, damaging or destroying hundreds of houses. Search and rescue efforts continue as there are fears that people may be trapped under collapsed buildings. The World Health Organization has dispatched ambulances to assist the injured, and the Taliban has urged local organizations and citizens to provide aid to those affected [3].
4. State Governments Show Surge in Capital Expenditure, Aided by Central Loans
State governments in India have witnessed a substantial increase in capital expenditure in the April-August period of the current fiscal year, rising by 45% to around Rs 1.67 trillion. This growth was partly driven by the central government's front-ending of capex loans. However, when excluding the interest-free capex loans provided by the Centre, the actual capex growth for these states was 10%. While the stipulation of meeting annual capex targets by September-end could impact disbursements, sources suggest the Centre may relax norms to support states in utilizing untied capex loans. Additionally, these states reported a 15% growth in tax revenues and increased borrowings. The Centre has raised its capital expenditure target for FY24 to Rs 10 trillion, aiming to drive post-pandemic economic recovery [4].
5. Study Reveals Over 66% of India’s Natural Systems Threatened by Invasive Plant Species
A study reveals that over 66% of India's natural systems face threats from invasive plant species, with 158,000 plots in 358,000 square kilometers of wild areas invaded by alien plants. Among the 11 high-concern invasive plant species, Lantana camara, Prosopis juliflora, and Chromolaena odorata are widespread. Savannas are particularly susceptible to invasions (87%), followed by moist grasslands and dry deciduous forests (72%). These invasive species not only disrupt ecosystems but also pose an economic threat, estimated to cost India up to $182.6 billion. Human modifications, changing soil moisture, historical propagation of invasive plants, and altered natural disturbance cycles are driving factors. Strategic restoration efforts are needed to manage invasions [5].
Source: The Hindu | Indian Express | Financial Express | DownToEarth
Practice Questions for Prelims
Q1: Consider the following statements regarding the Nobel Prizes:
I. Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, established the Nobel Prizes.
II. The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.
III. There are six categories of Nobel Prizes.
IV. The Nobel Prizes were first awarded in 1901.
Which of these statements are accurate?
A) I and II
B) I, II and III
C) I, III and IV
D) II and IV
Q2: Consider the following statements about the Quit India Movement:
I. It was launched in 1942 during World War II.
II. Mahatma Gandhi gave the famous “Do or Die” speech to initiate the movement.
III. The movement called for the immediate withdrawal of the British from India.
IV. The Quit India Movement resulted in India’s immediate independence.
Which of these statements are accurate?
A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I, II and III
D) I, II, III and IV
Q3: Consider the following statements about the Indian Constitution:
I. The Preamble is a part of the Constitution.
II. The Constitution of India was adopted on January 26, 1947.
III. The President of India has the power to amend the Constitution.
IV. Fundamental Rights are justiciable.
Which of these statements are accurate?
A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and IV
D) III and IV
Q4: Consider the following statements about the Indian Ocean:
I. It is the smallest of the world’s five oceans.
II. The Indian Ocean is bordered by four continents.
III. The Maldives and Seychelles are island nations located in the Indian Ocean.
IV. The Indian Ocean is known for its low biodiversity.
Which of these statements are true?
A) I and II
B) I and III
C) II and III
D) III and IV
Q5: Consider the following statements about the Battle of Plassey:
I. It took place in 1757.
II. The British East India Company defeated the Marathas in this battle.
III. The outcome of the battle marked the beginning of British control over India.
IV. Siraj-ud-Daulah was the Nawab of Bengal during this time.
Which of these statements are accurate?
A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I, II and IV
D) I, III and IV
Today’s Question for Mains Answer Writing
Analyze the implications of India’s ‘Look East’ and ‘Act East’ policies on the country’s diplomatic relations and economic ties with Southeast Asian nations. Discuss the key achievements and challenges in fostering regional cooperation and strategic partnerships.
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